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G Genital Herpes Etiology: HSV2 Appearance : vesicles sitting on erythematous base; "dew drops on a rose petal appearance" Treatment : acyclovir 1/9 Giant cell fibroblastoma Etiology: pediatric variant of DFSP History: pseudo vascular spaces, hypocellular spindle cells with myxoid background At risk: < 5 yo Location: thigh, groin, trunk Tx: wide excision, MOHs 1/2 Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath Location: hands, digits Histo : multi nodule oval shaped, darker in color, giant cells ("chocolate chip cookies with extra chips and a ring of pink around it"); hyper cellular; pools of free floating mononuclear histiocytoid tumor cells that can form a halo of hemosiderin around it Giant condyloma acuminatum (GCA) / Buschke-Löwenstein tumor Etiology: HPV 6,11 Appearance: slow-growing, cauliflower-like warty tumor with cobblestone surface Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevus / Bathing Trunk Nevus Etiology : a proliferation of benign melanocytes that are present at birth or develop shortly after birth Appearance : >20 cm Prog : lifetime 5-10% risk of melanoma Giant Molluscum Contagiosum At risk : HIV, immunocompromised Appearance : dome-shaped, flesh-colored papules with a central indentation; >10-15 mm Location : trunk, armpits, and genital area Tx : cryotherapy, curettage, laser therapy, topical cantharidin, tretinoin, or podophyllotoxin Prog : Most cases resolve on their own within months to a couple of years Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome / Infantile Papular Acrodermatitis Etiology : reaction to a systemic viral infection (URI or GI); #1 virus = EBV Description : papules 5–10 mm in diameter and are a deep red color Location : develops first on the thighs and buttocks, then on the outer aspects of the arms, and finally on the face At risk: children between the ages of 6 months and 12 years Glomus tumor / glomangioma Etiology: Gorlin Syndrome / Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma (NBCCS) Define : prone to developing multiple BCCs, often starting in adolescence or early adulthood Inheritance : AD Appearance : flesh-colored or reddish-brown spots to pearly or shiny bumps Etiology : AD mutation to patched (PTCH) gene C9q Description : skin tags + skin cysts (blue nevi) on face + body with multiple basal cell carcinomas multiple BCCs multiple BCCs pits over soles palmar pits palmar pits multiple BCCs and scars palmar pits Graft vs Host Disease Etiology : transplant rejection where immunocompetent T cells reject host cells with "foreign" proteins Description : mild rash may be slightly sore or itchy and look like a minor sunburn Granuloma Annularae Appearance : violasceous annular plaque with scale Sx : itchy Histo : surrounded by lots of mucin Vs . tinea (no scale) Tx : Rinvoq, UVB, Niacinamide, Zoryve Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/3 Granuloma Inguinale / Donovanosis Etiology : Klebsiella granulomatis Description : nodules that appear on genitalia or inguinal area that are painless, raised, beefy red, moist, smooth, and foul-smelling 1/3 Granulomatosis Infantiseptica Etiology : Listeria monocytogenes in neonates Description : pyogenic granulomas distributed over the whole body 1/2 Grey-Turner sign Etiology : retroperitoneal bleeding (kidney laceration) Description : ecchymosis on flanks 1/3 Grover Disease At risk: females Triggers: UV, sweat, heat Appearance: discrete vesicles with crust A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

V Venous Ulcer / Stasis Ulcer Etiology: chronic venous insufficiency Appearance: irregular border, shallow, exudative ulcer At risk : elderly, hx of DVT, obese, immobility Location : Gaiter area (malleoli region) Ass. condition : venous dermatitis Tx : wound care and compression Verrucae planae Etiology: HPV 3 and 10 Appearance: skin colored or pink smooth surfaced slightly elevated flat topped papules Location : dorsal hands, arms, face Verruca vulgaris / cutaneous warts Etiology: HPV 1-4 Appearance: cauliflower-like papules with a rough papillomatous and hyperkeratotic surface ranging in size from 1 mm to 1 cm+ Location : fingers, dorsal hands, knees, elbows Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/1 Vibrosis Etiology: Vibrio vulnificus, ingestion of contaminated seafood or exposure of open wounds to seawater Appearance : widespread hemorrhagic bullae Sx : fevers, chills, hypotension Tx : doxy, 3rd gen cephalosporin 1/4 Vitiligo Etiology : autoimmune attack on melanocytes Associated conditions : DM, Graves disease, Addison disease, adrenal insufficiency , SLE, RA Appearance : sharply demarcated depigmented patches and macules Location : periorificial, acral Tx : topical steroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, laser tx Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Vohwinkel Syndrome / PPK Mutilans Etiology: Appearance: star shaped hyperkeratotic plaque Location : on knuckles, palms, soles Ass. condition s: autoamputation of fingers, deafness 1/8 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

T Telangiectasia Etiology : UV light exposure, irradiation, trauma, topical glucocorticoids (atrophic skin) Description : spider veins (capillaries + venules) Associated with : Scleroderma (CREST) Telogen effluvium Etiology : illness, hospitalizations, preg, meds, surgeries Prog : resolves within 6-12 mo Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura Etiology : excessive platelet activation and aggregation potentially due to (AR) genetic or acquired deficiency of ADAMTS13 (cleaves vWf) Description : Petechiae (small, flat, red spots) Purpura (red, purple larger spots) Tinea Etiology : dermatophytes Location/Appearance/Tx: Tinea corporis = body annular, scaly, erythematous plaques with slightly raised borders and partial central clearing topical antifungals (terbinafine) Tinea manuum = hand fine palmar scaling + dryness with redness topical antifungals (terbinafine) Tinea cruris = groin well demarcated scaly borders topical antifungals (terbinafine) + absorbant powders + loose undergarments Tinea capitis = scalp broken hairs resembling dots, a moth eaten appearance due to patchy hair loss oral griseofulvin Tinea pedis = foot silvery white scaling along soles or plantar surface topical antifungals (terbinafine) + powders Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Tinea Nigra Etiology : Hortaea werneckii Description : pigmented (gray to black) macules, irregular patches Location : palms + soles At risk : laborers in Africa, Asia, Central America, South America Toxic Shock Syndrome Etiology: S. aureus enterotoxin Type B or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) from tampons or other foreign objects located in the body for a long period of time Sx : fever, diffuse macular erythematous rash, low BP shedding of the skin in large sheets, especially from palms + soles, 1-2 weeks after the onset of illness Location : palms + soles Tx : supportive care + systemic abx Traction Alopecia Location : frontal hairline, sides Etiology : regularly wearing tight chignon, cornrows, dreadlocks, weaves, braids, hair extensions, and chemical relaxers and rollers Description : itching, redness, scaling, folliculitis, multiple short broken hairs, hair loss At risk : African American women Transient Neonatal Pusular Melanosis Etiology: Appearance: pustules that rupture leaving scale and PIH At risk : skin of color 1/4 Trichostasis Spinulosa Etiology: To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. Trichotillosis/Trichotillomania Appearance : different lengths of hair in patch; have black dots from short hairs Trousseau’s Syndrome Etiology : people with occult or recently diagnosed visceral malignant disease (pancreatic cancer) Description : Lesions appear as inflamed, reddened lines or lumps in the fat under the skin Location : trunk or extremities Tuberous Sclerosis Etiology : mutation in TSC1 (hamartin), TSC2 (tuberin) Inheritance : AD Description : hypomelanotic macules / ash-leaf spots + angiofibroma (small bumps especially around nose + cheeks) shagreen patch Ash leaf marks Ash leaf marks Ash leaf marks Periungual fibroma Periungual fibroma Periungual fibroma Periungual fibroma Periungual fibroma Periungual fibroma Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas Angiofibromas A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

C Café Au Lait Etiology : epidermal melanocytes have excessive numbers of melanosomes in that specific area Appearance : well-demarcated hyperpigmented oval or round shaped patch, pigment is evenly distributed Ass. with : Neurofibromatosis, McCune-Albright syndrome, Fanconi Anemia Tx : lasers Calciphylaxis Etiology: necrosis of skin + fatty tissue, typically in ESRD pts; can occur in those with high or normal levels of serum calcium + phosphate At risk : females, obesity, immunosuppressed Appearance : - begins as surface purple retiform purpura - then turns black in the center as a stellate shaped purpura - then turns into dry gangrene + ulcerates Tx : normalize calcium + phosphate levels associated with renal failure; IV infusions of sodium thiosulfate Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Candidal Diaper Dermatitis Etiology : Candida albicans Appearance : erythematous plaques with peripheral scaling + satellite papules or pustules Locations : warm, moist areas Tx : clotrimazole cream Carbuncle Etiology : multiple bacterial folliculitis (furuncles/boils); typically S. aureus - mnemonic: "multiple furuncles fit in a CAR" Appearance : erythematous pustules surrounding a hair follicle Ass. with : Neurofibromatosis, McCune-Albright syndrome, Fanconi Anemia Tx : antibacterial soap, oral abx Carney Complex Etiology : inactivating mutation in PRKAR1A Inheritance : AD Appearance : hyperpigmented macules Location : labial, perioral, periorbital, anogenital Ass. with : cardiac myxoma, skin myxomas, lentiginosis, pituitary adenomas, testicular tumors, primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease 1/7 Carrión Disease (Verruga peruana / Peruvian wart) Etiology : sandflies that carry Bartonella bacilliformis At risk : South Americans Appearance : eruption of red to purple nodules Other sx : low grade fever, fatigue, headache, jaundice, pallor, HSM Tx : abx Cat Scratch Disease Etiology : cat carrying Bartonella henselae Appearance : erythematous papules + nodules with regional lymphadenopathy Other sx : fever, fatigue, headache, N/V, sore throat At risk : owning cats <12 mo old, licked/bitten/scratched by cat, immunocompromised Tx : self limiting or azithromycin for severe/persistent sx Cellulitis Etiology : S. pyogenes , S. aureus (often from a break in skin from trauma, infix , or recent surgery) Appearance : poorly-demarcated erythematous edematous plaque; typically unilateral At risk : middle age + older Location : lower extremities Tx : oral cephalexin or IV cefazolin Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia (CCCA) ***MC scarring hair loss Etiology : unknown, multifactorial At risk : African American females Location : vertex, frontal hair line Appearance : shiny scalp with follicular dropout Common sx : itchy scalp, burning sensation Tx : topical or intralesional CS, tacrolimus, Doxy Chancroid Etiology : STI transmission of H. ducreyi Appearance : one or more erythematous papules that quickly evolve into pustules and become larger until they break down into an ulcer Sx : extremely painful ulcer that bleeds easily, painful swollen lymph nodes in inguinal area Tx : azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone or erythromycin 1/4 Cherry Angioma Etiology : aging; sometimes associated with somatic missense mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 (Q209H) genes Appearance : erythematous to blue or purple papule or nodule Location : trunk Tx : ED, laser, cryo Chickenpox Etiology : VZV Appearance : erythematous papules + vesicles in different stages (crust vs vesicle) Location : begins on trunk and spreads to face + extremities Tx : in children is self limited; in older children + adults acyclovir is recommended; VZIG for pregnant women Chillblains Etiology : tender and/or itchy bumps following exposure to damp, cold, non-freezing conditions causing constriction of small arteries and veins but a protective reflex intermittently dilates At risk : young to middle-aged adults, females Location : hands, feet, ears Tx : avoid cold, wet temps, topical nitroglycerine Prog : spontaneously regress in 1-3 weeks Chloasma / Melasma Etiology : overproduction of melanin by melanocytes Triggers: sun exposure, hormones, medications, ass. with family hx Appearance : light-to-dark brown macules or patches with irregular borders Location : bilateral cheeks At risk : pregnancy, females Tx : hydroquinone , tretinoin Chromoblastomycosis Etiology : chronic fungal infection; #1 fungus = Fonsecaea pedrosoi Appearance : papules + plaque that spread to surrounding tissue with a cauliflower appearance Location : limbs At risk : tropics; middle aged men Associated with : SCC Tx : itraconazole +/- terbinafine Coccidiomycosis / Valley Fever Etiology : allergic reaction to Coccidioides immitis Appearance : solitary or multiple indurated papules, nodules, pustules, abscesses, ulcers, and scars Reactive manifestation: erythema nodosum, erythema multiform e Ass. sx : low grade fever, chills, fatigue, cough, chest pain, joint pain, lymphadenopathy At risk : SW US, Central + South America, immunocompromised, farmers, construction workers, men Tx : self limiting (mild), fluconazole or itraconazole (moderate), or posaconazole or ampB (severe) 1/5 Collodion baby Define : newborn whose entire body is covered in tight, translucent membrane that resembles collodion Inheritance : AR Appearance : shiny, parchment-like membrane Tx : high-humidity incubator, emollients Comedones: Open + Closed Etiology : cells lining the sebaceous duct proliferate and there is increased sebum production causing debris blockage of the sebaceous duct and hair follicle Appearance : - open : gray, brown, black papules; keratinous contents that can be expressed - closed : skin colored papules Tx : benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, salicylic acid, tretinoin, adapelene Closed comedones Closed comedones Closed comedones Closed comedones Open comedones Open comedones Open comedones Condyloma Accuminata / Anogenital warts Etiology : low risk HPV strains (6,11) Appearance : soft tan-colored, cauliflower-like papules; appear 3-6 mo after infection Location : anus or genitals At risk : 15-30 yo, immunosuppressed Tx : cryo, podophyllin resin, trichloroacetic acid, electrosurgery Prevention : HPV vaccination Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis / Mongolian spots Etiology : entrapment of melanocytes in the dermis of developing embryo Appearance : blue-grey patches At risk : East Asians, Polynesians Location : shoulder, gluteal regions Prog : typically regress by puberty Tx : none Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome Characterized by : skeletal abnormalities, skin lesions following Blaschko's lines, cataracts Inheritance : XLD (females >) Appearance : linear or whorled hyperkeratotic scales following the lines of Blaschko, follicular atrophoderma, pigmentary changes, and sometimes pustular lesions Cowden Syndrome Etiology : LOF mutation in PTEN Inheritance : AD Appearance : skin colored to yellow-brown, flat topped warty papules Ass. sx/conditions : autism, macrocephaly, thyroid goiter, breast cancer, GI polyps Location : central face surrounding eyes, nose, mouth Tx : 5-FU, oral retinoids To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. Crusted Scabies / Norwegian Scabies Etiology : Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis Appearance : poorly defined erythematous patches that develop into thick scaly plaques At risk : immunocompromised, elderly, disabled or debilitated, HIV patients Location : between the fingers, under the nails, or diffusely over palms and soles, knees, and elbows Tx : oral ivermectin, topical insecticides Cushing Disease Etiology : prolonged exposure to cortisol = decreased collagen synthesis = BV rupture easier Appearance : purple striae (stretch marks), telangectasias, acne, hirsutism Location : abdomen Tx : remove inciting factor for increased cortisol Cutaneous Anthrax Etiology : Bacillus anthracis (spores inhaled in sheep and cattle, and then humans either get inoculated with it through minor cut or inhaled or ingested spores into lung) Appearance : papule with surrounding vesicles (develops after 1-7 days of exposure) that progress to an ulcer with black eschar and then heals into a scar within weeks Sx : painless At risk : farmers in Africa, Middle East , and Caribbean, workers in wool, hair, or bristle industries Tx : doxy (for uncomplicated cases), IV or IM penicillin (for traditional cases) at diagnosis 6 days after dx 4 weeks after dx Cutaneous Horn Etiology : underlying lesions are seborrheic keratosis, viral warts (due to HPV), actinic keratosis, or well-differentiated SCC (50/50 benign vs premalignant or malignant) Appearance : straight or curved, hard, yellow-brown projection from the skin At risk : 60+ yo, Fitzpatrick types 1/2 Location : sun-exposed areas Tx : excise depending on nature of lesion; always biopsy to R/O SCC Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/3 Cutaneous Larva Migrans Etiology : A. duodenale + N. americanus Appearance : erythematous serpiginous plaque; 2-3 mm-wide snakelike tracks stretching 3–4 cm from the penetration site Sx : burning or tingling sensation when worm penetrates and extreme itching when worm travels At risk : barefoot on the beach, children in sandpits, farmers Tx : self-limiting (hookworms will die on their own in 4-8 weeks) or can prescribe thiabendazole Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Etiology : Leishmania Appearance : initial lesion appears 2 weeks - 2 mo after sandfly bite and is a small red papule, which gradually enlarges up to 2 cm in diameter and forms an ulcerated nodule with raised border (volcano sign) Location : exposed skin, esp. face + extremities At risk : living or traveling through areas where sandflies and Leishmania species are endemic (Middle East, North Africa, Asia, Central and South America) Tx : self healing, topical non-antimonial (cryo, heat therapy, imiquimod), intralesional antimonial (sodium sibogluconate) Cutaneous Neurofibroma Etiology : unknown (solitary) or can be caused by NF1 gene mutation (multiple) Inheritance : AD Appearance : circumscribed, soft button-like brown, pink, or skin colored nodules with a soft or firm consistency; buttonhole sign Location : trunk Tx : no cure; excision for one or selumetinib may offer hope in reducing the size of plexiform neurofibromas 1/13 Cutis marmorata Etiology : superficial blood vessels dilate and contract at the same time Appearance : pinkish blue mottled or marbled appearance when subjected to cold temperatures At risk : children Prog : improves with age Cylindroma Etiology : mutation of CYLD gene that forms benign tumors of eccrine sweat glands Inheritance : AD Appearance : firm, rubbery, pink to bluish plaques and nodules Cysticercosis Etiology : Taenia solium (from ingestion of eggs in contaminated pork) Appearance : soft to firm, skin-colored nodules Ass. condition : seizures if involve brain (neurocysticercosis) Sx : painful Location : trunk + extremities Tx : praziquantel and albendazole A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

H Hailey Hailey Etiology: Halo nevus Etiology : unknown, but suspected to related to autoimmune in origin and triggered by sunburn or local trauma Description : white halo that surrounds a mole/nevus and is usually symmetrical and about 0.5–1.0 cm wide Location : most often trunk Hand Foot & Mouth Disease Etiology : Coxsackie A Description : vesicular rash Location : around the lips, mouth, and back of the throat Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Hand-Foot Syndrome Etiology : chemotherapy agents (5-FU, capecitabine) Description : sunburnt-like hands that appears 2-3 months after starting chemotherapy where the whole sole or palm turns completely red 1/6 Hand-Schüller-Christian Disease Etiology : unknown cause, but the number of Langerhans cells in the skin and other organs are triggered to increase (type of Langerhans cell histiocytosis); BRAF V600E mutation associated Description : Pinkish crusted papules with lytic bone lesions in skull, diabetes insipidus, and exophthalmos At risk : 2-6 yo 1/2 Harlequin Ichthyosis Define : severe genetic skin disorder characterized by thick, diamond-shaped plates of skin separated by deep cracks Tx : oral retinoids Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia / Osler-Weber-Rendu Etiology : AD mutation (loss of function of ENG gene) causing thin-walled blood vessels, especially in the mouth and GI tract Description : blanching lesions (telangiectasias) on skin and mucous membranes, recurrent epistaxis, skin discolorations, arteriovenous malformations, GI bleeding, hematuria Herpes Labialis (cold sores) Etiology : HSV1 Description : shallow oral ulcers that rupture and dry after a few days forming a thin, yellowish crust and will completely heal At risk : children (transmitted through contact with oral secretions) Herpes Zoster / Shingles Etiology : recurrent VZV Description : eruption of a “belt” of maculopapular lesions with erythematous base along a single dermatome on the trunk To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) / Acne Inversa Etiology: occlusion + rupture of follicles in folliculopilosebaceous units Locations : axillae, groin, perineum, perianal, inframammary At risk : puberty, women, obesity, cigarette smoking, IBD Appearance : erythematous nodules, pustules, bridging comedones Sx : recurrent tender nodules + abscesses that drain + scar Tx : mild = Hibiclens (1 min soak + then wash), Doxy, Clinda lotion, spironolactone severe/scarring = biologic (Bimzelx, Humira) Hirsutism Etiology: late-onset CAH, prolactinoma, drugs (androgens, minoxidil, cyclosporine, carbamazepine) Location : mustache or beard-liike distribution Tx : correcting underlying hormonal imbalance (spironolactone, OCPs) + hair removing tx Hypertrichosis Description : excessive hair growth Associated with : Porphyria cutanea tarda, anorexia nervosa, malignancy, drugs Hypertrophic Scar Etiology : dysregulation of the normal healing process resulting in excessive production of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and extracellular matrix proteins Description : Pink to red, slightly raised, or flat, limited to confines of wound, and usually occurs within weeks of injury Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia Define : genetic disorder characterized by the abnormal development of ectodermal tissues, specifically the skin, hair, nails, teeth, and sweat glands Appearance : thin, wrinkled, and dark-colored skin around the eyes A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

F Female Pattern Hair Loss Etiology: hereditary Appearance : widening of hair part; thinning, no shining of scalp Location : mid-frontal scalp Tx : topical minoxidil, oral spironolactone Fibrous Hamartoma of Infancy Etiology: benign tumor of the subcutis and lower dermis Histo: "ramen" waves - grey/blue ball cells = immature mesenchyme - mature fat that is honeycomb like At risk : < 2 yo Tx : excision Fixed Drug Eruption Etiology: drugs (antimicrobials and NSAIDs are most common); delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction Appearance: - Early lesions: sharply demarcated erythematous macules - Late lesions: round or oval plaques that may evolve to become bullae and then erosions (occur 30 - 8 hours after ingesting drug) Location: mouth, genitalia, face, hands, feet Prog: resolve days to weeks after drug is discontinued; PIH may persist Tx : discontinue suspected medication, topical or systemic CS Folliculitis Decalvans Etiology: considered to be the result of an abnormal immune response to S. aureus , although this is not yet proven Appearance: erythematous, swollen, and scaly patches and plaque with crust and pustules (like CCCA, but smaller and with pustules) Sx: itching, pain, and burning sensation Tx: clindamycin, CCS (topical + oral or injected) Focal Dermal Hypoplasia / Goltz Syndrome Etiology: rare genetic disorder affecting tissues derived from ectoderm and mesoderm Inheritance : XLD Location : mouth, genitals, anus Ass. conditions : coloboma, missing or webbed fingers, hypoplastic teeth, low set ears, cleft lip or palate, bladder exstrophy, kidney abnormalities, CHD, vision and hearing impairment Appearance : thin or absent skin areas, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and fat herniation; following Blaschko's lines; wart-like growth Tx : vascular lasers for cutaneous papillomas and telangectatic areas Frey's Syndrome Etiology: postoperative complication involving parasympathetic fibers regenerating on sympathetic fibers of sweat glands (auriculotemporal branch of V3 is cut during an excision of the parotid gland and reinnervates the skin sweat glands in front of the ear) Appearance : redness + sweating Location : preauricular Triggers : post-eating, thinking or dreaming about food Tx : symptom control, botox, aluminum antiperspirant, oral or topical glycopyrrolate 1/2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

I have only linked produ cts that I have tried & liked! Most up to date items are on my LinkTree Account, go check it out!! Nothing is sponsored. All items with a red heart on it are what I am currently using. <3 LinkTree Account Cleansers You get the most out of cleansers when consistently use a non-exfoliating cleanser it in the AM and PM to remove dirt, oils and more that you have built up throughout the day or night. I like to use an exfoliating facial cleanser 2-3 x a week to remove excess dead skin! I also prefer a hydrating or "non-foaming" cleanser because it personally strips my skin barrier. Serums After using a cleanser, I have found that serums (Vitamin C for AM, retinol for PM) are best to use right after and then use lotions to follow and seal in all the serums you applied. For the Body Facial Lotions Sunscreen Hands down the most important part of your skincare routine! Yes, I am naturally fair-skinned, but sunscreen is not only good at preventing skin cancer, but preventing wrinkles and improving overall skin tone. For Keratosis Pilaris I do not naturally have the smoothest skin and am still working on bettering the skin on my body. What I have found that works for me is consistent exfoliation and lotions during the AM & PM. I am always looking for recommendations too! :)

M Macrocystic lymphangioma Description : cysts more than 2 cm Mal de Meleda Appearance : glove + stocking malodorous keratoderma, more erythematous Inheritance : AR Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/1 Male Pattern Hair Loss Etiology: increased sensitivity of androgen receptors in hair follicles to DHT Location : frontal hairline, crown Tx : topical minoxidil, oral finasteride or dutasteride Marjolin Ulcer Etiology : rare development of cutaneous SCC in the site of a scar or ulcer; most commonly forms at the site of an old thermal burn scar Description : non-healing sore that steadily increases in size, has excessive granulation tissue, foul-smelling pus, and bleed easily on contact Mastocytosis Etiology : Gain of function mutation in KIT gene = growth of mast cells = more histamine release Description : small reddish-brown spots or bumps (urticaria pigmentosa) Darier sign maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis Two poorly demarcated hyperpigmented papules on the left upper chest with a single papule on the right clavicular region. A well-demarcated hyperpigmented curvilinear plaque on the left distal forearm. A solitary mastocytoma on an infant's chest Juvenile mastocytosis: red-brown macular lesions on the trunk. They are likely to resolve over the next few years Red-brown monomorphic maculopapules in adult-onset urticaria pigmentosa A positive Darier sign - rubbing an area of mastocytosis has resulted in redness, swelling, and urtication in 5 minutes Yellow-brown pigmented macules in juvenile mastocytosis Juvenile mastocytosis: red-brown macular lesions on the neck. They are likely to resolve over the next few years Mastocytosis in a baby - red-brown patches are characteristic. The left lower back lesion has urticated after rubbing - a positive Darier sign Melanoma Etiology : BRAF, NRAS, c-KIT, GNAQ, GNA11, CDKN2A, MC1R mutations; UV light exposure Appearance : irregularly pigmented, asymmetrical macules or papules (ABCDE) Types : superficial spreading nodular lentigo maligna acral lentiginous Dermoscopy : blue/white veil, dark globules, peripheral globules, negative pigment network, pseudopods, radial streaming Tx : wide local excision Screening post dx: q3 mo for 1st yr q6 mo <5 yrs q1 yr >5 yrs Small, but irregular, blue and black pigmented lesion Irregular border, asymmetrical lesion on dark skin Classic blue-black color. Melanoma of the nail (discoloration of nailbed) Round, bleeding melanoma that has a small "satellite" tumor underneath it. Acral lentiginous malignant melanoma - irregular edge, with variable pigmentation, asymmetry and areas of regression on the heel Nodular malignant melanoma in a vertical growth phase - rapidly enlarging scaly pigmented nodule Amelanotic melanoma arising within pigmented melanoma Irregular pigmented longitudinal bands in melanoma of the nail unit Multiple blue nodules of cutaneous metastatic malignant melanoma Amelanotic subungal melanoma - a red lesion arising from the nail fold that has produced destruction of the nail plate Superficial spreading malignant melanoma - irregular border, variable pigmentation, and areas of clinical regression A superficial malignant melanoma - irregular and notched margin, variable and irregular pigmentation in an itchy and enlarging pigmented lesion Merkel Cell Carcinoma Etiology : ultraviolet light exposure Description : pearly pimple-like lump, sometimes skin-colored, red, purple or bluish-red, though they are rarely tender to the touch At risk : older, fair skin, male gender, immunosuppressed Milaria Rubra / Heat Rash Appearance : small, erythematous blister-like papules Etiology : sweat ducts become blocked, trapping sweat under skin, leading to inflammation At risk : hot, humid environments Location : skin folds, neck, chest, back Milia Appearance : 1-2 mm white to yellow subepidermal papules Location : cheeks, eyelids, forehead, genitalia Tx : nick surface + express; tretinoin Cause : small cyst containing keratin Description : tiny pearly-white bumps just under the surface of the skin Locations : face, especially eyelids + cheeks single milium common on cheeks Eruptive milia Milia en plaque Childhood milia Milia en plaque Following injury Following bullous pemphigoid Following bullous pemphigoid Neonatal milia Molluscum contagiosum Etiology: poxvirus Appearance : flesh colored dome-shaped papules +/- umbilication Location : anywhere, but palms + soles are typically spared Transmission : skin to skin + skin to fomite Tx : self limited or if tx is wanted (cryo, cantharidin, podophyllotoxin cream) BOTE sign = "Beginning Of The End" = indicates lesion is resolving due to the body's immune response; characterized by redness, tenderness + crusting Mpox / Monkeypox Etiology : Orthopoxvirus Description : 1. first 5 days of the infection, patients experience 'flu-like' symptoms 2. rash similar to that seen in chickenpox develops 3. maculopapules,evolve into vesicles, pseudpustules, crusting over, andn atrophic scars and lasts for around 10 days Location : Lesions predominate on the face but may develop on the palms, soles, and dorsal hands and feet At risk : MSM, endemic to Africa Mycosis Fungoides Etiology : unknown; triggers proliferation of cerebriform T cells Description : Patch stage = flat erythematous scaling with well-defined borders in non-sun-exposed areas or hypopigmented lesions on darker skinned individuals Plaque stage = pruritic raised borders with irregular contours and reddish-brown in color Tumor stage = exophytic violaceous lesion Patch stage MY PUBLICATION :) Plaque stage Patch stage Patch stage Patch stage Plaque stage Plaque stage Plaque stage Patch & Plaque stage Tumour stage Tumour stage Tumour stage Myofibroma Histo : hypocellular pink blue nodules with dilated branching staghorn vessels and cellular areas At risk : babies/kids Types : Single – MC, skin/SQ nodule Muliptle Generalized 1/4 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

N Necrobiosis lipoidica Histo : degenerated collagen, plasma cells, no mucin, “lasagna” Ass. conditions : DM (not as strong as initially thought) Description : reddish brown areas of the skin Location : lower legs Associated with : T1DM Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma Histo : X shaped red zones of necrosis within granuloma nodules; “peppered bacon”; cholesterol clefts Necrolytic migratory erythema Etiology : glucagonoma Description : red, blistering rash that is itchy and painful Location : genitals, buttock, + groin Necrotizing Fasciitis Etiology : Type I: Klebsiella, E. coli, S. aureus, Pseudomonas Type II: Strep. pyogenes Type III: Clostridium Description : necrosis of muscle and subcutaneous tissue presenting as red, warm, or swollen area of skin that spreads quickly; eventually can lead to dark purple coloration with crepitus; has pain out of proportion Location : lower extremities, abdomen, perineum At risk : diabetes, PVD, trauma, surgery, alcohol abuse, cirrhosis Neonatal acne Etiology: Neonatal purpura fulminans (NPF) Etiology : homozygous protein C or S deficiency Description : Within 1st 72 hours after birth, purpuric lesions develop over perineal region, flexor surfaces and abdominal skin Enlarge and become hemorrhagic bullae with full thickness necrosis of skin and black eschar formation Secondary infection leads to gangrene Neuropathic Ulcer Etiology : peripheral neuropathy (diabetic foot) Description : hyperkeratotic edge with undermined borders and without pain Location : bony prominences (metatarsal heads, heel) Netherton Syndrome Define : rare, inherited disorder primarily affecting the skin, hair, and immune system; characterized by a triad of features: congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (red, scaly skin from birth), hair shaft abnormalities (bamboo hair), and atopic diathesis Location : lateral eyebrows Histo : trichorrhexis invaginata/bamboo hair (MC) Nevus Comedonicus Etiology: Tx: tretinoin Nevus of Ito Appearance : blue, gray, or brown patch Location : shoulder, upper arm, and side of the neck, typically in the distribution of the posterior supraclavicular and lateral cutaneous brachial nerves Nevus of Ota Appearance : bluish-gray or brown-black pigmentation Location : face, esp. around the eye Nevus Sebaceous Location: scalp Appearance : skin colored to yellow/orange plaque with cobblestone appearance Nodular Fasciitis Define : no inflammation, benign tumor Histo : loose, whispy appearance of myofibroblasts, red cell extravasation; overtime become more myxoid and whispy Notalgia Paresthetica Define : sensory neuropathy that causes chronic, localized itching and sometimes pain, burning, or tingling Location : between shoulder blades (MC) Tx : chiropractor work, capsaicin, gabapentin, CCS Nummular Eczema Etiology: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Explore Daly’s Diverse Dermatology Dictionary: an inclusive resource with dermatology images on a range of skin tones for better, equitable medical education. Welcome to: Daly's Diverse Dermatology Dictionary By Letter... A H O V B I P W C J Q X D K R Y E L S F M T G N U Z Welcome! I’m so grateful you’re here. This resource was created with one goal in mind: to help bring greater diversity, accuracy, and inclusivity to dermatologic education. From my very first year in medical school, I noticed a glaring omission in our training, most dermatology images we learned from depicted conditions only on white skin. When darker skin tones were included, it was often only for diseases commonly associated with those populations, such as lupus or sarcoidosis. I searched everywhere for a comprehensive, side-by-side visual guide showing both common and uncommon conditions across the full range of skin tones… but that resource simply did not exist. What started as a personal frustration quickly turned into a mission. Throughout medical school, I began collecting and organizing photographs of dermatologic conditions in patients of all skin tones, building a databank to deepen my own learning. When classmates saw and used these materials, the response was immediate gratitude, surprise that such a tool wasn’t standard, and encouragement to make it something bigger. After hundreds of hours and countless images, I’m proud to share this passion project publicly: Bridging the Gap: Daly’s Diverse Dermatological Dictionary . It is not a fully exhaustive dermatology textbook, but rather a concise, essential, and intentionally curated resource highlighting the facts, visuals, and patterns I find most important, especially for medical students and early healthcare trainees. My only goal is to support better recognition of skin disease in EVERY patient. I have no financial disclosures, no sponsors, and no conflicts of interest. This work is created purely out of a commitment to more equitable, accurate medical education. Your enthusiasm fuels my own, and I’m honored to share this growing project with you. Important Note: Sensitive Content This educational resource includes clinical photographs of sensitive areas, including genitalia, when medically relevant. Viewer discretion is advised. Educational Purpose & Legal Disclaimer This dictionary is intended solely for educational purposes. It is NOT designed or approved for diagnosing, treating, or managing any medical conditions in real patients. Nothing in this document should be interpreted as medical advice, a treatment recommendation, or a substitute for professional clinical judgment. By accessing or viewing this dictionary, you acknowledge and agree that: You understand this resource is for educational enrichment only. You will not use any content within this document to diagnose or treat patients. The author (Paige Daly), DalyDerm, and all affiliated platforms assume no responsibility for clinical decisions made based on this material. All information is presented “as is” and without any warranty regarding accuracy, completeness, or fitness for a particular purpose. Dermatology is a constantly evolving field; details may change with new research, and occasional errors or omissions may occur despite best efforts. You agree to use this resource ethically, responsibly, and within your scope of training. If you believe something here is incorrect or have concerns about a specific entry, please reach out to me at dalydermatology@gmail.com so I can review and update the material accordingly. The author assumes no liability for any direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from the use, or misuse, of this dictionary. By continuing to use this dictionary, you accept these terms fully. Welcome to a more inclusive way of learning dermatology. Thank you for being part of the movement to bridge the gap, together. Please enjoy, share widely, and if you’d like a downloadable version, scroll to the bottom. Your enthusiasm fuels my own, and I’m grateful to share this journey with you. — Paige O’Brien Daly, MA Creator of DalyDerm & Dermatology Educator Submit Your Own Photo Please take a moment to fill out the form. First Name Last Name Email Diagnosis Leave us a message and include: (1) that you consent to allowing me to use your photo within my dictionary (2) the photo and diagnosis. Submit Thanks for submitting!

P Paget disease Etiology : DCIS Description : erythematous, pruritic, ulcerated skin at the nipple and breast Palmoplantar Verruca Appearance : thick, endophytic papules Papillary Hidradenoma / Hidradenoma Papilliferum Etiology : unknown cause; thought to arise from anogenital mammary-like glands Description : slow-growing painless, firm, flesh to red nodule Location : labia majora + interlabial folds Papillon-Lefure Syndrome Appearance : hyperhidrosis + periodontitis with severe gingivitis Inheritance : AR Peau d’orange Etiology : blockage of lymphatic drainage with or without associated stromal infiltration; inflammatory breast cancer Description : thick and pitted, with a texture and appearance similar to that of orange peel Pemphigoid Gestationis / Herpes Gestationis Etiology : IgG autoantibodies that target BP180 Appearance : erythematous papules or plaque around the umbilicus + then spreads to most areas of body, but sparing face + mucous membranes; 2-4 weeks later large, tense bullae form Sx : intensely itchy Tx : high potency topical CS, but many end up requiring oral CS Risk to fetus = prematurity Pemphigus Foliaceus Etiology : IgG autoantibodies to desmoglein 1 At risk : Tunisia Appearance : flaccid, superficial bullae that rupture easily Location : seb derm distribution (NO oral lesions) Tx : systemic CS Pemphigus Vegetans Locations : Intertriginous Pemphigus Vulgaris Etiology : IgG autoantibodies to desmoglein-1 and/or desmoglein-3; can be triggered by meds (#1 captopril + penicillamine) Location : mucosal membrane + skin Appearance : flaccid bullae that easily rupture (+ Nikolsky sign; + Asboe-Hansen sign) Sx : extremely painful At risk : middle aged to young adults ; Ashkenazi Jews Tx : systemic CS Periorificial Dermatitis Tx : taper steroids, oral tetracycline, topical metronidazole, erythromycin, tacrolimus Petechiae Description : Tiny 1-2 mm, initially purpuric, non-blanchable macules resulting from tiny hemorrhages Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) Etiology : mutations in serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) Inheritance : AD Description : Tan, dark brown, or bluish black flat patches 1 to 5 mm in size Location : around the mouth, lips, gums, inner lining of the mouth, eyes, hands and feet, fingers and toes, anus and genital areas Associated with : GI polyps Piebaldism Define : rare, inherited genetic disorder characterized by patches of skin and hair that lack pigment Etiology : mutation inactivating c-KIT gene Inheritance: AD Description : white forelock with white patches of skin Location : face (chin), trunk, + distal extremities Pigmentary Demarcation Line Define : abrupt transition between areas of darker and lighter pigmentation At risk : darker skin tones Pigmented DFSP (Bednar tumor) At risk : African American Pigmented Purpuric Dermatosis (PPD) Appearance : reddish-brown patches and spots Etiology : results from capillary inflammation and leakage of red blood cells, leading to hemosiderin deposits Location : lower legs Tx : topical corticosteroids, compression stockings Pilar Cyst / Trichilemmal Cyst Etiology : keratin-filled cyst that originates from the outer hair root sheath; typically running in families (AD) Description : one or more firm, mobile, subcutaneous nodules measuring 0.5 to 5 cm in diameter and without a central punctum Location : typically scalp Pilomatricoma Define : benign (non-cancerous) skin tumor that arises from hair follicle cells Appearance : small, hard, and slow-growing lump teeter toter sign Location : head or neck Histo : ghost cells Pityriasis Alba Etiology : unknown; coexists with dry skin and atopic dermatitis Description : hypopigmented patches that are round or irregular in shape and up to 5 cm in diameter Locations : typically appear on face, especially cheeks and chin Pityriasis Lichenoids Et Varioliformis (PLEVA) Etiology: Pityriasis Rosea Etiology : not clear; some suggest HHV-6 or 7 At risk : older children + young adults Appearance: begins with a single "herald patch" or "mother patch" which is a salmon colored oval plaque, usually on neck, back or chest. Patch becomes scaly and develops central clearing, forming "collarettes of scale." Then numerous similar but smaller patches. appear on trunk + extremities following skin tension lines (Christmas tree distribution). Tx : only topical CS to relieve pruritus Pityriasis (Tinea) Versicolor Etiology : Malassezia furfur or Malassezia globosa Appearance : hyper or hypo pigmented or salmon colored scaly patches Location : sebum rich areas Tx : selenium sulfide, ketoconazole shampoo, topical or oral azoles Pitysporum Folliculitis Dermatoscope : spores grouped together in hair follicle POEMS Syndrome Description : hyperpigmentation, hemangiomas, hypertrichosis, and scleroderma-like skin thickening Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN) Etiology : Medium vessel vasculitis Description : lace like rash (livedo reticularis) + ischemic digits Associated with : HBV, acute mesenteric ischemia Polymorphic Eruption of Pregnancy (PEP) / Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy (PUPPP) Sx : onset of late 3rd trimester Location : starts within abdominal striae with periumbilical sparing RF : primigravid preg, multiple gestation preg Does not affect development Tx : topical steroids, non-sedating oral antihistamines, oral pred Polymorphous Light Eruption (PMLE) Appearance : erythematous papules, vesicles, plaque on sun exposed skin only Tx : antihistamines (Zyrtec and Benadryl), steroid injection in office Etiology : stretching of the skin elicits an immune response due to connective tissue damage Description : itchy, bumpy rash that starts in the stretch marks of the abdomen Poroma Etiology: Location: plantar surface Porphyria Cutanea Tarda Etiology : mutation in UROD gene = affecting uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase = accumulates uroporphyrin Inheritance : AD Description : blistering cutaneous photosensitivity and pigmentation Port-wine stain / Nevus flammeus Etiology : vascular malformation of capillaries and post capillary venules in dermis Appearance : pink, red, or violaceous sharply demarcated patches that darken + thicken overtime Location : face, unilateral Tx : PDL Prog : persist throughout life + grow proportionally with child Pretibial myxedema / thyroid dermopathy Etiology : dermal fibroblasts Description : plaques of thick, scaly skin and swelling Location : lower legs Associated with : Graves disease (hyperthyroidism); if not at pretibial region = related to hypothyroidism Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) Etiology : t(2;5)(p23;q35) translocation resulting in a fusion gene product of receptor tyrosine kinase ALK with nucleophosmin Description : rapidly-growing single nodule or plaque that typically is red to violaceous, at least 2 cm in diameter, and often ulcerates Location : upper half of the body is most commonly involved At risk : 50+ yo males Proteus syndrome Etiology : mosaic non inherited mutation in AKT1 gene Appearance : port wine stains Location : limbs, digit, skull Prog : at risk for developing DVTs, PEs Prurigo Nodularis Sx : intensely itchy, firm nodules; can be extremely uncomfortable, impacting sleep and potentially leading to anxiety and depression Tx : JAK-I, ILK Pseudofolliculitis Barbae / Razor Bumps Etiology : shaving, which lead to ingrown hair Description : firm, hyperpigmented papules and pustules that are painful and pruritic Location : face + neck At risk : African American males Psoriasis Appearance : well demarcated pink erythematous plaque with silver scale Nail changes : pitting, onycholysis, subungal hyperkeratosis, oil drop sign (yellow-orange discoloration) Tx : localized: high potency steroid +/- topical vitamin D other options: tazarotene, calcineurin inhibitors, Taltz, Otezla (apremilast), Skyrizi, Tremfya Etiology : T cells triggered (stress, skin injury, infection, cold, dry weather, tobacco) to attack skin cells Description : dry, raised skin patches (plaques) covered with gray or silver scales Location : hairline, elbows, knees (extensor surfaces) Purpura Description : 4 - 10 mm in diameter, flat, and red, purple in color Pustular Psoriasis Sx : presents in 3rd trimester Appearance : symmetric erythematous plaques with pustules that start in flexural areas and spread centrifugally Location : trunk and extremities Ass sx : fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia Tx : CCS, low dose cyclosporine, infliximab Prog : increased risk to fetus Etiology : triggers from infections, stress, corticosteroid treatment withdrawal, and pregnancy Description : pus-filled blisters on plaques, which are patches of scaly, flaky skin Pyoderma Gangrenosum Description : painful, symmetrical necrotic base that progresses over 1 month Location : legs Associated with : IBD Pyogenic granuloma / Capillary lobular hemangioma Etiology : mutation in BRAF plays a key role; medications (retinoids, TK inhibitors), trauma, laser therapy At risk : 20-30 yo Appearance : small red papule that grows over several weeks into a nodule Location : hands, lower lip, gingiva Tx : full thickness excision or shave excision for pedunculated lesions A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Hi! I’m Paige, an OMS-4 student. Welcome to Daly Dermatology: Your guide to growing your confidence and knowledge about your skin while getting tips on work-life balance from a current medical student! I was diagnosed with vitiligo at a young age and have struggled with other skin conditions my whole life and therefore struggled with confidence. I am still growing in my confidence journey, but by expanding my knowledge of how to better my own skin, I am becoming more confident in who I am. I am excited to share with you what I have learned and experienced while on a budget (because you know, med school) and I am excited for you to join me on my journey while I root for you on yours! So welcome! I am so excited! Student Dr. Paige Daly To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key.