Search Results

G Genital Herpes Etiology: HSV2 Appearance : vesicles sitting on erythematous base; "dew drops on a rose petal appearance" Treatment : acyclovir 1/9 Giant cell fibroblastoma Etiology: pediatric variant of DFSP History: pseudo vascular spaces, hypocellular spindle cells with myxoid background At risk: < 5 yo Location: thigh, groin, trunk Tx: wide excision, MOHs 1/2 Giant cell tumor of tendon sheath Location: hands, digits Histo : multi nodule oval shaped, darker in color, giant cells ("chocolate chip cookies with extra chips and a ring of pink around it"); hyper cellular; pools of free floating mononuclear histiocytoid tumor cells that can form a halo of hemosiderin around it Giant condyloma acuminatum (GCA) / Buschke-Löwenstein tumor Etiology: HPV 6,11 Appearance: slow-growing, cauliflower-like warty tumor with cobblestone surface Giant Congenital Melanocytic Nevus / Bathing Trunk Nevus Etiology : a proliferation of benign melanocytes that are present at birth or develop shortly after birth Appearance : >20 cm Prog : lifetime 5-10% risk of melanoma Giant Molluscum Contagiosum Etiology: At risk: HIV, immunocompromised Appearance: dome-shaped, flesh-colored papules with a central indentation; >10-15 mm Location: trunk, armpits, and genital area Tx: cryotherapy, curettage, laser therapy, topical cantharidin, tretinoin, or podophyllotoxin Prog: Most cases resolve on their own within months to a couple of years Gianotti-Crosti Syndrome / Infantile Papular Acrodermatitis Etiology: Cause: reaction to a systemic viral infection (URI or GI); #1 virus = EBV Description: papules 5–10 mm in diameter and are a deep red color Location: develops first on the thighs and buttocks, then on the outer aspects of the arms, and finally on the face At risk: children between the ages of 6 months and 12 years Glomus tumor / glomangioma Etiology: Gorlin Syndrome / Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma (NBCCS) Etiology: Define: prone to developing multiple BCCs, often starting in adolescence or early adulthood Inheritance: AD Appearance: flesh-colored or reddish-brown spots to pearly or shiny bumps Cause: AD mutation to patched (PTCH) gene C9q Description: skin tags + skin cysts (blue nevi) on face + body with multiple basal cell carcinomas multiple BCCs multiple BCCs pits over soles palmar pits palmar pits multiple BCCs and scars palmar pits Graft vs Host Disease Etiology: Cause: transplant rejection where immunocompetent T cells reject host cells with "foreign" proteins Description: mild rash may be slightly sore or itchy and look like a minor sunburn Granuloma Annularae Etiology: Appearance: violasceous annular plaque with scale Sx: itchy Histo: surrounded by lots of mucin vs. tinea (no scale) Tx: Rinvoq, UVB, Niacinamide, Zoryve Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/3 Granuloma Inguinale / Donovanosis Etiology: Cause: Klebsiella granulomatis Description: nodules that appear on genitalia or inguinal area that are painless, raised, beefy red, moist, smooth, and foul-smelling 1/3 Granulomatosis Infantiseptica Etiology: Cause: Listeria monocytogenes in neonates Description: pyogenic granulomas distributed over the whole body 1/2 Grey-Turner sign Etiology: Cause: retroperitoneal bleeding (kidney laceration) Description: ecchymosis on flanks 1/3 Grover Disease At risk: females Triggers: UV, sweat, heat Appearance: discrete vesicles with crust A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

X Xanthoma Etiology: disorders of lipid metabolism (dyslipidemia) or occur in histiocytosis Appearance : soft, yellow or skin colored papules or plaques Location/Types: medial canthus of upper eyelid = xanthelasma over pressure areas (knees, elbows, heels) = tuberous xanthoma extensor surfaces (buttock, shoulders) = eruptive xanthoma Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) Etiology: mutation in nucleotide excision repair (NER) Inheritance: AR Appearance : born with normal skin, but with increased sun exposure, patients develop hyperpigmented and hypo pigmented macules Location : sun exposed skin Prog : premature aging; die earlier from skin cancers Xerosis Cutis/Dry Skin Etiology: skin is lacking moisture in stratum corneum Appearance : rough, scaly plaque Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Q No conditions to list. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

F Female Pattern Hair Loss Etiology: hereditary Appearance : widening of hair part; thinning, no shining of scalp Location : mid-frontal scalp Tx : topical minoxidil Fibrous Hamartoma of Infancy Etiology: benign tumor of the subcutis and lower dermis Histo: "ramen" waves - grey/blue ball cells = immature mesenchyme - mature fat that is honeycomb like At risk : < 2 yo Tx : excision Fixed Drug Eruption Etiology: drugs Appearance: - Early lesions: sharply demarcated erythematous macules - Late lesions: round or oval plaques that may evolve to become bullae and then erosions (occur 30 - 8 hours after ingesting drug) Location: mouth, genitalia, face, acral Prog: resolve days to weeks after drug is discontinued; PIH may persist Folliculitis Decalvans Etiology: considered to be the result of an abnormal immune response to S. aureus , although this is not yet proven Appearance: erythematous, swollen, and scaly patches and plaque with crust and pustules (like CCCA, but smaller and with pustules) Sx: itching, pain, and burning sensation Tx: clindamycin, CCS (topical + oral or injected) Focal Dermal Hypoplasia / Goltz Syndrome Etiology: rare genetic disorder affecting tissues derived from ectoderm and mesoderm Inheritance : XLD Location : mouth, genitals, anus Ass. conditions : coloboma, mission or webbed fingers Appearance : thin or absent skin areas, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and fat herniation; following Blaschko's lines; wart-like growth Frey's Syndrome Etiology: postoperative complication involving parasympathetic fibers regenerating on sympathetic fibers of sweat glands (auriculotemporal branch of V3 is cut during an excision of the parotid gland and reinnervates the skin sweat glands in front of the ear) Appearance : redness + sweating Location : preauricular Triggers : post-eating, thinking or dreaming about food 1/2 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

U Urticaria / Hives Etiology: mast cell degranulation from allergic reaction (T1HS) or AutoAb to FcER1 (T2HS) Appearance: wheals that disappear within 24 hours; surrounding erythema will blanch Sx : pruritus Urticarial vasculitis Etiology: rare inflammatory condition affecting small blood vessels in the skin Appearance : wheals that will last longer than 24 hours Prog : will go away in 1-3 years of onset Tx : antihistamines, NSAIDs, CCS, immunosuppressant, omalizumab, dapsone A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

I Ichthyosis vulgaris Etiology: Cause: loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the protein filaggrin Description: Dry scaly skin; most often it appears after about 2 months Location: extensor side of extremities, scalp, central face, and trunk Immunoglobulin A vasculitis / Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Etiology: Cause: Small vessel vasculitis Description: palpable purpura Location: buttocks + legs Bullous HSP Classic Purpura Classical purpura Ankle swelling (arthritis) Henoch-Schönlein purpura Henoch-Schönlein purpura Close-up of purpuric rash with vesicle (blister) formation Henoch-Schönlein purpura Impetigo Etiology: S. aureus > S. pyogenes Appearance : thin-walled vesiculopustules that quickly rupture; exudate with honey color and dried crust At risk : 2-5 yo, contact sports, broken skin, humid weather Location : face > extremities Tx : bacitracin, mupirocin Incontinentia pigmenti Etiology: Cause: X-linked dominant disorder Description: 4 stages of lesions: vesicular (red, blister-like lesions), verrucal (wart-like lesions), hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation in a marble like pattern Infantile Acne Etiology: 1/5 Intradermal Nevus Etiology: Cause: acquired nevus where melanocytes are found in the dermal layer of skin Description: raised, dome shaped papules less than 10mm in diameter Intertrigo Etiology: Appearance: satellite macules, papules or pustules around the erythema in the fold Sx: burns more than itches Location: inframammary fold, gluteal cleft, inguinal creases, folds under pannus Tx: clotrimazole cream 1/12 Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) Etiology: Cause: physical and chemical irritants (wood, dust, soaps) Description: burning and painful sensation with red patches To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

J Janeway lesions Etiology: Cause: S. aureus (mostly), S. viridans (anything that can increase IC deposition) Description: painless, flat erythematous macules Locations: palms and soles Jaundice Etiology: Cause: high levels of bilirubin Description: yellowing of tissues Juvenile Spring Eruption Etiology: Define: type of PMLE Location: ears At risk: children + young adults during early spring Appearance: small, red, and sometimes itchy papules and vesicles on the helix of ear after exposure to sunlight, especially in cold weather A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Hi! I’m Paige, an OMS-4 student. Welcome to Daly Dermatology: Your guide to growing your confidence and knowledge about your skin while getting tips on work-life balance from a current medical student! I was diagnosed with vitiligo at a young age and have struggled with other skin conditions my whole life and therefore struggled with confidence. I am still growing in my confidence journey, but by expanding my knowledge of how to better my own skin, I am becoming more confident in who I am. I am excited to share with you what I have learned and experienced while on a budget (because you know, med school) and I am excited for you to join me on my journey while I root for you on yours! So welcome! I am so excited! Student Dr. Paige Daly To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key.

K Kaposi Sarcoma Etiology : HHV-8 Types : Classic : often affects middle aged men of Mediterranean or Eastern European descent Endemic : occurs in sub-Saharan Africans Iatrogenic : due to immunosuppressive drugs (esp. kidney transplants) AIDS-associated : most common Appearance : red, purple, or brown patches or nodules Location : lower extremities (esp. classic type), when disseminates it spreads to mouth, lungs, liver, other organs Kawasaki Disease Etiology: Medium-vessel vasculitis Description: polymorphous / morbilliform (measles like) / targetoid skin lesions -> desquamating rash (peeling of extremities) Location: trunk and extremities Keloid Etiology: Cause: dysregulation of the normal healing process resulting in excessive production of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and extracellular matrix proteins Description: Purplish-red, firm, smooth, and raised; can occur years after injury and grows beyond the initiating wound area Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Keratoacanthoma (KA) Etiology : form of SCC (UV exposure) Appearance : flesh-colored or pink dome-shaped nodule with central keratin plug Location : face, neck, dorsal of upper extremities Tx : excision Keratoderma Blennorrhagica Etiology: Associated with: reactive arthritis (Chlamydia) Description: painless desquamative psoriatic-like papulosquamous eruption Location: commonly found on the palms + soles but may spread to the scrotum, scalp, + trunk To play, press and hold the enter key. To stop, release the enter key. Keratoelastoidosis Marginalis Etiology: 1/4 Keratosis Pilaris (KP) Etiology: Cause: abnormal keratinization of the upper portion lining of the hair follicle Description: ‘goosebump’ or ‘chicken skin’ appearance Location: most common on posterior arms Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Keratosis spinulosa Etiology: 1/6 Kindler Syndrome Etiology: AR mutation of KIND-I Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/1 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

O Onchocerciasis Etiology: Cause: Onchocerca volvulus Description: initially painless skin nodules that progressively become very itchy due to dead larvae; chronic itching leads to permanent skin color changes (leopard skin) Onycholysis Etiology: Cause: idiopathic or secondary to trauma, skin disease, nail infections, tumors, or systemic events Description: well-defined area of white opaque nail Associated with: Psoriasis, Lichen Planus, Onychomycosis, Eczema At risk: adult women Onychomycosis Etiology: Tx: Mild = 50/50 soak in vinegar/water 3x/wk; topical nail polish thing Severe = oral terbinafine/griseofulvin Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link Go to link 1/2 Osler nodes Etiology: Cause: S. aureus (mostly), S. viridans (anything that can increase IC deposition) Description: raised, violaceous lesions Location: finger + toe pads 1/4 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Y no conditions to list A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

N Necrobiosis lipoidica Etiology: Histo: degenerated collagen, plasma cells, no mucin, “lasagna” Ass. conditions: DM (not as strong as initially thought) Description: reddish brown areas of the skin Location: lower legs Associated with: T1DM Necrobiotic Xanthogranuloma Etiology: Histo: X shaped red zones of necrosis within granuloma nodules; “peppered bacon”; cholesterol clefts Necrolytic migratory erythema Etiology: Cause: glucagonoma Description: red, blistering rash that is itchy and painful Location: genitals, buttock, + groin Necrotizing Fasciitis Etiology: Causes: Type I: Klebsiella, E. coli, S. aureus, Pseudomonas Type II: Strep. pyogenes Type III: Clostridium Description: necrosis of muscle and subcutaneous tissue presenting as red, warm, or swollen area of skin that spreads quickly; eventually can lead to dark purple coloration with crepitus; has pain out of proportion Location: lower extremities, abdomen, perineum At risk: diabetes, PVD, trauma, surgery, alcohol abuse, cirrhosis Neonatal acne Etiology: Neonatal purpura fulminans (NPF) Etiology: Cause: homozygous protein C or S deficiency Description: Within 1st 72 hours after birth, purpuric lesions develop over perineal region, flexor surfaces and abdominal skin Enlarge and become hemorrhagic bullae with full thickness necrosis of skin and black eschar formation Secondary infection leads to gangrene Neuropathic Ulcer Etiology: Cause: peripheral neuropathy (diabetic foot) Description: hyperkeratotic edge with undermined borders and without pain Location: bony prominences (metatarsal heads, heel) Netherton Syndrome Etiology: Define: rare, inherited disorder primarily affecting the skin, hair, and immune system; characterized by a triad of features: congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (red, scaly skin from birth), hair shaft abnormalities (bamboo hair), and atopic diathesis Location: lateral eyebrows Histo: trichorrhexis invaginata/bamboo hair (MC) Nevus Comedonicus Etiology: Tx: tretinoin Nevus of Ito Etiology: Appearance: blue, gray, or brown patch Location: shoulder, upper arm, and side of the neck, typically in the distribution of the posterior supraclavicular and lateral cutaneous brachial nerves Nevus of Ota Etiology: Appearance: bluish-gray or brown-black pigmentation Location: face, esp. around the eye Nevus Sebaceous Etiology: Location: scalp Appearance: skin colored to yellow/orange plaque with cobblestone appearance Nodular Fasciitis Etiology: Define: no inflammation, benign tumor Histo: loose, whispy appearance of myofibroblasts, red cell extravasation; overtime become more myxoid and whispy Notalgia Paresthetica Etiology: Define: sensory neuropathy that causes chronic, localized itching and sometimes pain, burning, or tingling Location: between shoulder blades (MC) Tx: chiropractor work, capsaicin, gabapentin, CCS Nummular Eczema Etiology: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z