T
Telangiectasia
Etiology:
Cause: UV light exposure, irradiation, trauma, topical glucocorticoids (atrophic skin)
Description: spider veins (capillaries + venules)
Associated with: Scleroderma (CREST)
Telogen effluvium
Etiology:
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Etiology: illness, hospitalizations, preg, meds, surgeries
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Prog: resolves within 6-12 mo
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic purpura
Etiology:
Cause: excessive platelet activation and aggregation potentially due to (AR) genetic or acquired deficiency of ADAMTS13 (cleaves vWf)
Description:
Petechiae (small, flat, red spots) – Purpura (red, purple larger spots)
Tinea
Etiology: dermatophytes
Location/Appearance/Tx:
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Tinea corporis = body
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annular, scaly, erythematous plaques with slightly raised borders and partial central clearing
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topical antifungals (terbinafine)
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Tinea manuum = hand
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fine palmar scaling + dryness with redness
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topical antifungals (terbinafine)
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Tinea cruris = groin
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well demarcated scaly borders
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topical antifungals (terbinafine) + absorbant powders + loose undergarments
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Tinea capitis = scalp
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broken hairs resembling dots, a moth eaten appearance due to patchy hair loss
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oral griseofulvin
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Tinea pedis = foot
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silvery white scaling along soles or plantar surface
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topical antifungals (terbinafine) + powders
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Tinea Nigra
Etiology:
Cause: Hortaea werneckii
Description: pigmented (gray to black) macules, irregular patches
Location: palms + soles
At risk: laborers in Africa, Asia, Central America, South America
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Etiology: S. aureus enterotoxin Type B or toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1) from tampons or other foreign objects located in the body for a long period of time
Sx:
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fever, diffuse macular erythematous rash, low BP
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shedding of the skin in large sheets, especially from palms + soles, 1-2 weeks after the onset of illness
Location: palms + soles
Tx: supportive care + systemic abx
Traction Alopecia
Etiology:
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Location: frontal hairline, sides
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Cause: regularly wearing tight chignon, cornrows, dreadlocks, weaves, braids, hair extensions, and chemical
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relaxers and rollers
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Description: itching, redness, scaling, folliculitis, multiple short broken hairs, hair loss
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Location: front (frontal) and sides of the scalp
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At risk: African American women
Transient Neonatal Pusular Melanosis
Etiology:
Appearance: pustules that rupture leaving scale and PIH
At risk: skin of color
Trichostasis Spinulosa
Etiology:
Trichotillosis/Trichotillomania
Etiology:
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Appearance: different lengths of hair in patch; have black dots from short hairs
Trousseau’s Syndrome
Etiology:
Cause: people with occult or recently diagnosed visceral malignant disease (pancreatic cancer)
Description: Lesions appear as inflamed, reddened lines or lumps in the fat under the skin
Location: trunk or extremities
Tuberous Sclerosis
Etiology:
Cause: AD mutation in TSC1 (hamartin), TSC2 (tuberin)
Description: hypomelanotic macules / ash-leaf spots + angiofibroma (small bumps especially around nose + cheeks)